The rapid development of gas distribution in Iran causes considerable dependence of consuming sectors on Natural gas production .The share of South Pars gas Field from the entire gas production in the end of sixth Five-Year Iranian Economic Plan will be over 62%. The pressure of reservoir gradually reduces and subsequently the volume of gas production declines in the production period due to the Natural technical condition of South Pars reservoir. Installation of gas compressor platform is necessary in order to delay the reduction of the production. In spite of installation of these platforms, unofficial announcements indicate that production from South Pars field will decrease significantly in the twenty–year prospect and supply of new gas fields cannot compensate this reduction. Hence, in order to prevent gas shortage crisis in the coming years, it is required to predict some strategic actions and prioritize the supply of gas for new demand sectors. The "AHP" model has been applied to determine the priorities for this purpose. The relevant calculations have been carried out for solving the model by selecting a total of 8 options and 6 criteria by using the Expert Choice Software. The priorities of this study for each option are as follows respectively: Injection into Oil Reservoirs, gas supply to Power Plants, Export, Feedstock for Petrochemical Units, gas supply to Industries, gas supply to Residential& Commercial, Transportation.

According to the forecasts of reputable international centers, Natural gas will play the most effective role in the future of world energy. Because Iran has one of the largest Natural gas reserves in the world,This energy source can be considered as the main advantage of Iran in the domestic & international arena. In the meantime, one of the options facing the country is the export of this energy source. Considering that the export of Natural gas, in addition to economic benefits, has many political-security benefits for the country,Determining the goals & scenarios for the advancement of Natural gas exports has always been one of the main issues facing the country's energy sector. Target countries are interested in not limiting the source of their Natural gas supply to fixed & specific sources,Therefore, they have long paid special attention to Iran. Therefore, it is important to study the future status of Iran's Natural gas exports. The purpose of this study is to design scenarios for the country's Natural gas exports until 2050 using the opinion of the elite & the method used in the research is a combination of the Delphi method & interaction analysis method. The three factors of Iran's isolation from the world trade & financial system, the political influence of powerful countries in the target country & the status of Natural gas resources, their production & development in the target countries have been identified as key factors & based on future trends Three key effective factors, four compatible Natural gas export scenarios were identified. Finally, after explaining each of these scenarios, policy recommendations have been made to achieve a favorable situation in Iran's Natural gas exports.

The partial oxidation of Natural gas with oxygen at different independent variables such as fuel equivalence ratios from 2 to 4, preheat temperatures of feed gas streams up to 200ºC and space velocities from 40 to 100hr-1 was studied. Experiments were carried out using a bench-scale syngas generator mainly consisted of preheats sections, a water cooled swirling jet burner, a combustion chamber and a water quenching chamber. Evaluation parameters were selected to be H2/CO ratio, CO selectivity, Natural gas conversion and syngas yield. Results show that the fuel equivalence ratio is the most important factor for syngas production. Preheating the feed gas streams was generally made better conditions and by increasing the space velocity the better operating conditions achieved. The operation of the system showed successful obtaining of syngas from Natural gas using noncatalytic partial oxidation.

The present sought to draw a comparison between Model Predictive Control performance and two other controllers named Simple PI and Selective PI in controlling large-scale Natural gas transport networks. A nonlinear dynamic model of representative gas pipeline was derived from pipeline governing rules and simulated in SIMULINKâ environment of MATLABâ. Control schemes were designed to provide a suitable pressure at consumers’ nodes by varying the refinery production rate and compressor station output pressure in the middle of pipeline. The results showed that the model predictive control significantly outperformed the other two methods in economic controlling of pipeline by using less energy in compressor station and simultaneously rejecting disturbances. Although MPC controller performed better, it had a more complicated structure and difficult design procedure than PI controllers.

The production and supply of Natural gas in Iran is monopolized in the hands of the Ministry of Petroleum and prices are set by administrative decisions. However, given that gas based power plants use it as an input to meet the needs of end users of electricity, optimal price of Natural gas is related to the final price of electricity. We use time series data for the period 1989 to 2016 to estimate the price elasticity of gas demand. We first estimate the price elasticity of gas demand. We then calculate the efficiency of Natural gas production at scale and calculate the final cost of the Natural gas produced. We then calculate the coded price of gas delivered to power plants. The actual cost of supplying one cubic meter of Natural gas to power plants in 2015 was 800 Rials. The Natural gas prices based on estimated Ramsey price for the years 2015 and 2016 for the gas delivered to the power plants are 8589. 71 and 9377. 91 Rials per cubic meter respectively. We can thus conclude that current administrative prices for Natural gas in the power plants sector are not optimal.

Performance and capacity of sulfur recovery unit (SRU) are greatly affected by the H2S: CO2 ratio of the acid gas stream. The acid gases in Iran contain around 35 mol% H2S and 60 mol% CO2. This low concentration of H2S calls for more complex sulfur plant, larger equipments, and higher costs. Acid gas enrichment processes (AGE) is run to upgrade low quality acid gas collected from gas treating units in to higher quality Claus plant feed stream. Using specially formulated solvents or modifications of the existing gas treating units are the most popular approaches for efficient acid gas enrichment.Three different enrichment schemes are considered and simulated for Khangiran refinery acid gas stream. The results are then compared with each others to select the optimal AGE scheme, which can maximize the H2S content of SRU feed stream while minimizes H2S emission to atmosphere. In the first scheme, part of the acid gas leaving the GTU regenerator overhead is recycled back to the main contactor. In the other two, a separate enrichment tower is utilized between the amine flash drum and regenerator. In the second scheme, the enrichment tower pressure is set between regenerator pressure and ambient pressure, while in the third scheme, the enrichment tower pressure is fixed between amine flash drum pressure and regenerator pressure. The simulation results revealed that the SRU feed stream can be significantly enriched from its original value of 33.5 mol% H2S to about 70 mol%, by applying to the third scheme.

Natural gas is often associated with oil and pushes oil out of the soil into extraction wells. As the oil-gas mixture rises in the wells, gas is released and carries the mixture to the top of the well. In oils which are not saturated with gas and are only under water pressure, the amount of dissolved gas is less and in supersaturated oils, the amount of gas is higher. There are also streams which contain only Natural gas and no oil. The term synthetic gas refers to the gas mixtures which contain Co and H2 in different proportions. H2 and Co are two important substances in the chemical industry and have many uses. Co is used in the production of paints, plastics, foams, insecticides, herbicides, acids, etc., including the use of hydrogen, ammonia production, hydrogenation, and hydrocracking. Synthesis gas is a very valuable raw material for the production of various chemical substances. Using this gas and various processes, it is possible to produce many different chemical substances which depending on the production method, different ratios of hydrogen to Co are obtained. Likewise in industrial use, different ratios are required depending on the process in which the gas is used. Synthetic gas feeds can be hydrocarbons, coal, oil, Natural gas, and then vegetable and animal products.